Adult-onset diabetes, also known as type 2 diabetes, is a chronic metabolic disorder that affects how the body processes glucose (sugar) from food. It occurs when the body becomes resistant to the effects of insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates blood sugar levels. This leads to a buildup of sugar in the bloodstream, which can damage organs and tissues over time.
Risk factors for adult-onset diabetes include obesity, a sedentary lifestyle, a family history of the disease, and certain ethnic backgrounds, such as African American, Hispanic/Latino, and Native American. Symptoms may include increased thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, blurred vision, and slow-healing wounds.
Treatment for adult-onset diabetes often involves lifestyle changes, such as regular exercise, a healthy diet, and weight loss. Medications such as metformin and insulin may also be prescribed to help manage blood sugar levels. It is important for individuals with adult-onset diabetes to monitor their blood sugar levels regularly and to receive ongoing medical care to prevent complications such as heart disease, nerve damage, and kidney damage.
