A calcaneal spur, also known as a heel spur, is a bony outgrowth that forms on the underside of the heel bone (calcaneus). It typically develops at the site where the plantar fascia tendon attaches to the heel bone.
The plantar fascia is a thick band of tissue that runs along the bottom of the foot, from the heel to the toes. It supports the arch of the foot and helps absorb shock when walking or running. When the plantar fascia becomes inflamed or damaged, it can pull on the heel bone, causing the formation of a spur.
Calcaneal spurs can develop gradually over time or as a result of a sudden injury. They are more common in people who participate in activities that put a lot of stress on the feet, such as running or jumping. They may also be associated with certain medical conditions, such as plantar fasciitis, osteoarthritis, or obesity.
Symptoms of a calcaneal spur may include pain and tenderness in the heel, particularly when walking or standing for long periods of time. The pain may be sharp or dull, and can radiate to other areas of the foot. In some cases, a spur may be present without any noticeable symptoms.
Treatment for a calcaneal spur typically involves conservative measures, such as rest, ice, and over-the-counter pain relievers. Physical therapy and stretching exercises may also be recommended to help reduce pain and improve flexibility. In some cases, custom orthotics or shoe inserts may be prescribed to provide additional support to the foot.
Surgery to remove a calcaneal spur is rarely necessary and is usually reserved for cases where conservative measures have been unsuccessful.
