Calcinosis cutis is a medical condition characterized by abnormal deposits of calcium salts in the skin and subcutaneous tissues. It is a type of calcinosis, which refers to the deposition of calcium in the body tissues in an abnormal manner. Calcinosis cutis can occur as a result of various underlying medical conditions, including connective tissue diseases such as dermatomyositis and systemic sclerosis, as well as metabolic disorders such as hyperparathyroidism.
The deposits of calcium salts in the skin can cause a variety of symptoms, including skin lesions, thickening and hardening of the skin, and pain or tenderness in the affected areas. In some cases, the calcium deposits can become visible under the skin as small white or yellowish bumps, which can sometimes break through the skin surface and release a chalky white substance.
Diagnosis of calcinosis cutis typically involves a physical examination and imaging studies such as X-rays or ultrasound. Treatment options depend on the underlying cause of the condition and the severity of the symptoms. In some cases, treatment may involve medications to reduce calcium levels in the blood, surgical removal of the calcium deposits, or other therapies to manage symptoms such as pain and inflammation.