Calcium channel blockers are a class of medications commonly used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure), angina (chest pain), and certain types of arrhythmias (irregular heart rhythms). They work by blocking the entry of calcium ions into cells, specifically in the smooth muscle cells of blood vessels and cardiac muscle cells.
By blocking calcium entry, calcium channel blockers reduce the contractility of the heart and dilate blood vessels, resulting in decreased oxygen demand and increased blood supply to the heart muscle. This leads to a decrease in blood pressure, relief of chest pain, and prevention of certain types of arrhythmias.
Some examples of calcium channel blockers include amlodipine, diltiazem, nifedipine, and verapamil. These medications are available in various forms, including tablets, capsules, and extended-release formulations. They may be used alone or in combination with other medications to achieve optimal control of blood pressure and other medical conditions.
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