Candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by a type of yeast called Candida. Candida normally exists in the human body, particularly in the mouth, gastrointestinal tract, and vagina, but under certain conditions, it can overgrow and cause infections. There are different types of candidiasis, each affecting different parts of the body.
Oral candidiasis, also known as thrush, is an infection of the mouth and throat that can cause white patches on the tongue, inner cheeks, gums, and tonsils. It is common in people with weakened immune systems, denture wearers, and those taking certain medications.
Esophageal candidiasis is a fungal infection of the esophagus, the tube that connects the mouth to the stomach. It is common in people with weakened immune systems, HIV/AIDS, or undergoing cancer treatment.
Genital candidiasis, also known as a yeast infection, is a common infection that affects the genital area of both men and women. Symptoms may include itching, burning, and discharge.
Invasive candidiasis is a serious infection that can affect the bloodstream, organs, and tissues throughout the body. It is most common in people with weakened immune systems, those undergoing cancer treatment, and those receiving certain types of medical care, such as surgery or dialysis.
Candidiasis can be diagnosed through various methods, including physical examination, culture and microscopic examination of infected tissue, blood tests, and imaging studies.
Treatment for candidiasis depends on the type and severity of the infection. Mild cases may be treated with antifungal creams or oral medications, while more severe infections may require hospitalization and intravenous antifungal medications. Prevention of candidiasis involves maintaining good hygiene, avoiding unnecessary antibiotic use, and managing underlying medical conditions that increase the risk of infection.
