double helix

The molecular structure of DNA is a cornerstone of modern biology, revealing how genetic information is stored and transmitted within living organisms. The double helix, a twisted ladder-like formation, consists of two complementary strands held together by hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous base pairs, a design first elucidated by Watson and Crick. This article provides an in-depth look at the components of the DNA double helix, including the sugar-phosphate backbone, base pairs, and individual nucleotides, using a detailed medical diagram to illustrate these critical elements.

The DNA structure is a marvel of biological engineering, consisting of a double helix formed by two strands of nucleotides connected through hydrogen bonds, as depicted in the image. This iconic structure is fundamental to life, encoding genetic information that dictates the development and functioning of all living organisms. By examining its key components—nitrogenous bases, base pairs, and the sugar-phosphate backbone—this article provides a detailed look into the anatomical and physical properties of DNA, offering insights into its role in heredity and molecular biology.