subchondral bone

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative condition affecting synovial joints, often resulting from aging or prolonged wear and tear, leading to the erosion of articular cartilage, inflammation, joint stiffness, and pain. This condition disrupts the joint’s ability to move smoothly, impacting daily activities and overall quality of life. This article examines the pathological changes in a synovial joint affected by osteoarthritis, its anatomical alterations, physical effects, and clinical implications for effective management.

Bone represents one of the most remarkable tissues in the human body, combining strength and flexibility while serving multiple vital functions. This detailed anatomical illustration provides a clear view of a typical long bone's internal structure, demonstrating the various tissue types that contribute to its unique properties and functions, from mechanical support to hematopoiesis.