vertebral artery

The cervical vertebrae, comprising the uppermost segment of the vertebral column, include seven vertebrae (C1–C7) with unique features like a bifid spinous process and transverse foramina, supporting neck mobility and nerve passage. The atlas (C1) and axis (C2) have specialized structures, such as the dens and anterior arch, enabling head rotation and support. This article provides an in-depth exploration of the cervical vertebrae’s anatomy, physical characteristics, and functional roles, offering a comprehensive guide to their significance in spinal health.

The cervical vertebra represents a remarkable example of anatomical engineering, combining mobility with structural integrity and neural protection. From the superior view, these vertebrae display unique features that distinguish them from other spinal segments. Understanding the intricate anatomy of cervical vertebrae is crucial for medical professionals involved in diagnosing and treating cervical spine conditions.

The posterior ligamentous structures connecting the occiput, atlas (C1), and axis (C2) form a sophisticated network essential for craniovertebral stability and mobility. These ligamentous complexes play a crucial role in maintaining the integrity of the upper cervical spine while allowing controlled head movements. Understanding these structures is fundamental for clinicians dealing with upper cervical spine pathologies and surgical interventions.

The atlas (C1) vertebra represents a unique anatomical structure, distinctly different from all other vertebrae in the spinal column. As the first cervical vertebra, it supports the skull and enables precise head movements through its specialized architecture. This ring-shaped vertebra lacks a body and spinous process, instead featuring distinctive lateral masses and arches that facilitate its crucial role in head mobility and stability.